Understanding Redhills Catchment Area Protection

About Redhills Reservoir

Redhills Reservoir, also known as Puzhal Lake (Tamil: புழல் ஏரி), is one of Chennai's primary water sources, serving millions of people in the metropolitan area. Built in 1876 during British rule, this reservoir has a capacity of 3,300 million cubic feet (mcft) and plays a crucial role in Chennai's water supply system. The reservoir receives water from Poondi and Cholavaram reservoirs and serves as the final storage point before water is treated and distributed to Chennai.

Historical Significance

• Originally built as a small tank with 500 mcft capacity
• Expanded to 3,300 mcft capacity in 1997
• Historically used as a military camp during British rule
• Served as a landing site for water planes in the colonial era
• Located in Ponneri Taluk of Thiruvallur district

Why Catchment Area Protection Matters

The Redhills catchment area acts as a natural watershed that collects rainwater and channels it into the reservoir. Protection of this area ensures:

• Water Quality: Prevents contamination from industrial and residential pollutants
• Water Quantity: Maintains natural water flow and groundwater recharge
• Ecological Balance: Preserves biodiversity and natural filtration systems
• Flood Control: Acts as a natural buffer during heavy monsoons
• Climate Resilience: Helps Chennai adapt to changing rainfall patterns

Development Guidelines and Restrictions

General Principles for Catchment Area Protection:

• Core Catchment Area: Complete prohibition on development activities
• Buffer Zones: Graduated restrictions based on distance from water body
• Environmental Clearances: Required for any development near catchment areas
• Water Conservation: Mandatory measures for all developments
• Pollution Control: Zero discharge policies for industrial and residential areas

Known Encroachments and Challenges

According to various reports, the catchment area faces challenges from:

• Government facilities including cattle breeding centers
• Unauthorized godowns and storage facilities
• Residential encroachments
• Dumping of garbage at reservoir fringes
• Lack of clearly demarcated boundaries
• Industrial effluents affecting water quality

Legal Framework

The Redhills catchment area is protected under multiple laws and regulations:

1. Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Act, 1978: Primary legislation for water source protection in Chennai
2. Environment Protection Act, 1986: Provides framework for environmental conservation
3. Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974: Regulates water quality standards
4. Tamil Nadu Groundwater (Development and Management) Act, 2003: Controls groundwater extraction
5. CMDA Master Plan 2026: Designates land use including catchment area protection
6. CMWSSB Regulations: Specific rules for Chennai water sources

Required Clearances and NOCs

Depending on the location and proposed activity, you may need clearances from:

• Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB)
• Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA)
• Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB)
• Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for larger projects
• District Collector for sensitive areas
• Tamil Nadu Groundwater Authority for borewells
• Public Works Department (PWD) for certain areas

Water Conservation Measures

Properties near water catchment areas typically must implement:

• Rainwater Harvesting: Mandatory for buildings as per state regulations
• Greywater Recycling: For non-potable uses
• Permeable Surfaces: To maintain groundwater recharge
• Native Landscaping: Drought-resistant local species
• Water-Efficient Fixtures: Low-flow taps and dual-flush systems
• Storm Water Management: Prevent runoff and erosion

Enforcement and Compliance

Violations of catchment area regulations may result in:

• Stop-work orders from authorities
• Monetary penalties as per applicable laws
• Legal action under environmental protection acts
• Orders for demolition of illegal structures
• Recovery of environmental restoration costs
• Criminal prosecution in severe cases

Note: Specific penalties vary based on the nature of violation and applicable laws. Consult legal experts for detailed information.

Water Supply System

Redhills Lake is part of Chennai's integrated water supply system:

• Receives water from Poondi Reservoir via canal
• Connected to Cholavaram Lake through supply channels
• Water treated at multiple plants including Puzhal (300 MLD capacity)
• Part of the Krishna water supply system from Andhra Pradesh
• Surplus water flows to Kosasthalaiyar River

FAQs

Can I build in areas near the reservoir?

Development restrictions vary based on distance from the water body and current regulations. Areas designated as "Redhills catchment area" in the Master Plan 2026 generally prohibit construction. Consult CMWSSB and CMDA for specific guidelines.

What about existing buildings?

Existing legal structures may continue but modifications typically require permissions. Illegal structures may face demolition orders from authorities.

Can I dig a borewell near the catchment?

Groundwater extraction near water bodies is regulated. Permission from the Tamil Nadu Groundwater Authority is required, and restrictions vary by location.

How do I verify if my property is in a restricted zone?

Check with CMDA for land use classification and CMWSSB for specific water body restrictions. The Master Plan documents show designated areas.

What if development has already occurred in catchment areas?

Authorities may take action including regularization with conditions, penalties, or removal depending on the specific case and environmental impact.

How This Tool Helps

1. Provides preliminary information about catchment area importance
2. Helps understand general regulations and restrictions
3. Guides on authorities to approach for clearances
4. Assists in making informed property decisions
5. Raises awareness about water conservation needs

Important Authorities

• CMWSSB: Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board
• CMDA: Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority
• TNPCB: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board
• PWD: Public Works Department
• Revenue Department: For land records verification

Note: For current contact information, visit official government websites or offices.

Disclaimer

This tool provides general information based on available data about water catchment area protection. Specific regulations, boundaries, and restrictions are subject to change based on government orders and policies. Always verify current regulations with CMWSSB, CMDA, and other relevant authorities before undertaking any development activity. This information should not be considered as legal advice. Consult appropriate professionals and obtain official clearances for any proposed development near water bodies.